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Innovations in medicine

   

The Balloon Embolectomy Catheter

 is a wonderful example of simple inventions resulting in a powerful medical breakthrough. This invention pioneered minimally invasive vascular surgery, and extended life saving procedures to ten's of millions of people.

  Surgeon Thomas J. Fogarty, M.D. as professor, inventor and entrepreneur, has saved tens of millions of lives by pioneering the tools and methods of less invasive vascular surgery. Before earning his MD in 1960 from the University of Cincinnati Medical School, Fogarty had conceived and designed his most significant invention. The Fogarty Balloon Embolectomy Catheter is, like many revolutionary medical innovations, simple in concept.

It is comprised of a hollow tube about the width of a pencil, with a small inflatable balloon attached at tip. The catheter is inserted through an incision into a blood vessel, and pressed through a blood clot; the balloon is inflated, so it can displace the clot as it is extracted from the vessel.

Fogarty built the first prototype in his attic using his boyhood fly-tying kit familiar to him from his regular fishing trips. Employing his dexterity he attached the fingertip of a latex surgical glove to the hollow tube. Fogarty's balloon catheter procedure was the first successful example of "less-invasive" vascular surgery.

Allegra


The most important information about Allegra

Use this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not use it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Before using Allegra, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have kidney disease.

Fruit juices and certain antacids can make it harder for your body to absorb Allegra.
Do not take Allegra with fruit juice (such as apple, orange, or grapefruit).

Do not take an antacid that contains aluminum or magnesium within 15 minutes before or after you take Allegra. This includes Rolaids, Maalox, Mylanta, Milk of Magnesia, Pepcid Complete, and others.

There may be other drugs that can affect Allegra. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

Stop using this medication and get emergency medical help if you think you have used too much medicine, or if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Less serious side effects are more likely, and you may have none at all. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or is especially bothersome.

Tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse after you start taking Allegra. Never take more of the medication than your doctor has prescribed.


What is Allegra

Allegra is an antihistamine that reduces the natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.

Allegra is used to treat the symptoms of seasonal allergies (hay fever) in adults and children.

Allegra is also used to treat skin itching and hives caused by a condition called chronic idiopathic urticaria in adults and children.

Allegra may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.


What to discuss discuss with your doctor before taking Allegra

Do not use this medication if you are allergic to Allegra.
Before using Allegra, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have kidney disease. You may not be able to use Allegra, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.

FDA pregnancy category C. This medication may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. It is not known whether Allegra passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Allegra tablets and capsules may be used to treat seasonal allergy symptoms in children who are at least 6 years old. Allegra oral suspension (liquid) may be used in children ages 2 through 11. When treating chronic idiopathic urticaria, the liquid may be used in children as young as 2 months old.

How to take Allegra

Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Take this medicine with a full glass of water. Do not use any other type of liquid. Shake the oral suspension (liquid) well just before you measure a dose. To be sure you get the correct dose, measure the liquid with a marked measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
Tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse after you start taking Allegra. Never take more of the medication than your doctor has prescribed.

Store Allegra at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medicine bottle tightly closed. 

In case of  missing a dose

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.


In case of  overdosing

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine.
Symptoms of a Allegra overdose may include dry mouth, dizziness, or drowsiness.


What to avoid while taking Allegra

Fruit juices and certain antacids can make it harder for your body to absorb Allegra.
Do not take Allegra with fruit juice (such as apple, orange, or grapefruit).

Do not take an antacid that contains aluminum or magnesium within 15 minutes before or after you take Allegra. This includes Rolaids, Maalox, Mylanta, Milk of Magnesia, Pepcid Complete, and others.

Avoid taking any other antihistamines unless your doctor has told you to.

The possible side effects of Allegra

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop taking Allegra and call your doctor at once if you have fever, chills, body aches, cough, or other flu symptoms.
Continue taking Allegra and talk with your doctor if you have any of these less serious side effects:

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, upset stomach;

menstrual cramps;

drowsiness, dizziness, tired feeling;

headache; or

back pain.

Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.


What other drugs Allegra will affect

Before taking Allegra, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:

ketoconazole (Nizoral); or

erythromycin (E-Mycin, E.E.S., Ery-Tab, Erythrocin).

If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use Allegra, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.

There may be other drugs not listed that can affect Allegra. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

 

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